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Eleanor of Aquitaine
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Eleanor of Aquitaine

Eleanor of Aquitaine (l. c. 1122-1204 CE) was one of the most impressive and powerful figures of the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 CE) – male or female – whose influence shaped the politics, art, medieval literature, and perception of women...
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Image by Mark Cartwright

Eleanor of Aquitaine

Effigy of Eleanor of Aquitaine, Fontevraud Abbey, France. Eleanor of Aquitaine (l. c. 1122-1204) was one of the most powerful political figures – male or female – in the Middle Ages as a whole. She was the wife of Louis VII of France (r...
Courtly Love
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Courtly Love

Courtly Love (Amour Courtois) refers to an innovative literary genre of poetry of the High Middle Ages (1000-1300 CE) which elevated the position of women in society and established the motifs of the romance genre recognizable in the present...
Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine
Image by Panagiotis Constantinou

Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine

Face reconstruction of Eleanor of Aquitane (l. c. 1122-1204) based on her effigy from Fontevraud Abbey. She was Queen of France from 1137 to 1152 as the wife of King Louis VII of France, the Queen of England from 1154 to 1189 as the wife...
Richard I of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Richard I of England

Richard I of England, also known as Richard the Lionheart (Cœur de Lion), reigned as king of England from 1189 to 1199 CE. The son of Henry II of England (r. 1154-1189 CE) and Eleanor of Aquitaine (c. 1122-1204 CE), Richard was known for...
Chretien de Troyes
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Chretien de Troyes

Chretien de Troyes (l. c. 1130-1190 CE) was the greatest romantic poet of his era, regarded today as the Father of Arthurian Romance (along with Geoffrey of Monmouth) and also Father of the Novel owing to his narrative form. He was most likely...
Eleanor of Aquitaine: the Medieval Queen of England and France in the High Middle Ages
Video by Kelly Macquire

Eleanor of Aquitaine: the Medieval Queen of England and France in the High Middle Ages

Eleanor of Aquitaine was an impressive and powerful woman during the High Middle Ages. Not only did she own the land of Aquitaine, a large chunk of southwestern France at the time, but during her life she was the Duchess of Aquitaine, Queen...
Interview: Queens of Jerusalem, the Women Who Dared to Rule by Katherine Pangonis
Interview by Kelly Macquire

Interview: Queens of Jerusalem, the Women Who Dared to Rule by Katherine Pangonis

Join World History Encyclopedia as they chat with medievalist Katherine Pangonis, all about her new book Queens of Jerusalem, the Women Who Dared to Rule. Kelly: Do you want to start off by telling us what your book is all about...
Henry II of England
Definition by Mark Cartwright

Henry II of England

Henry II of England ruled from 1154 to 1189 CE. He gained the throne by negotiation with his predecessor King Stephen of England (r. 1135-1154 CE) following the civil war that had raged between that monarch and Henry's mother Empress Matilda...
Marie de France
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Marie de France

Marie de France (wrote c. 1160-1215 CE) was a multilingual poet and translator, the first female poet of France, and a highly influential literary voice of 12th-century CE Europe. She is credited with establishing the literary genre of chivalric...
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