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Darius I
Definition by Radu Cristian

Darius I

Darius I (l. c. 550-486 BCE, r. 522-486 BCE), also known as Darius the Great, was the third Persian King of the Achaemenid Empire. His reign lasted 36 years, from 522 to 486 BCE; during this time the Persian Empire reached its peak. Darius...
Darius I Inscribed Stone Weight
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Darius I Inscribed Stone Weight

The cuneiform inscription on this polished diorite weight states "I Darius, the great king, the son of Hystaspes, an Achaemenian". This is an abbreviated version of a standard inscription on a series of stone weights of Darius, which can...
Darius I as Pharaoh of Egypt
Image by Osama Shukir Muhammed Amin

Darius I as Pharaoh of Egypt

This wooden door shows Darius I (reigned 521-486 BCE) dressed as pharaoh on the right, making an offering to the Egyptian god Anubis. The goddess Isis stands on the left. The door originally belonged to a box (or naos) used to contain statuettes...
Behistun Inscription
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Behistun Inscription

The Behistun Inscription is a relief with accompanying text carved 330 feet (100 meters) up a cliff in Kermanshah Province, Western Iran. The work tells the story of the victory of the Persian king Darius I (the Great, r. 522-486 BCE) over...
Tomb of Darius I, Naqsh-e Rustam
Image by درفش کاویانی

Tomb of Darius I, Naqsh-e Rustam

Tomb of Darius I, Naqsh-e Rustam, near Persepolis, Iran, c. 522–486 BCE
Relief of Darius I from Persepolis
Image by درفش کاویانی

Relief of Darius I from Persepolis

Relief of Darius I from Persepolis, 522-486 BCE
Battle of Issus
Definition by Donald L. Wasson

Battle of Issus

The Battle of Issus, on 5 November 333 BCE, was Alexander the Great's second battle against the Persian army and the first direct engagement with King Darius III, near the village of Issus in southern modern-day Turkey. It was a major victory...
Persepolis
Definition by Joshua J. Mark

Persepolis

Persepolis was the capital of the Persian Achaemenid Empire from the reign of Darius I (the Great, r. 522-486 BCE) until its destruction in 330 BCE. Its name comes from the Greek Perses-polis (Persian City), but the Persians knew it as Parsa...
Achaemenid Empire
Definition by Peter Davidson

Achaemenid Empire

East of the Zagros Mountains, a high plateau stretches off towards India. While Egypt was rising up against the Hyksos, a wave of pastoral tribes from north of the Caspian Sea was drifting down into this area and across into India. By the...
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Video by Smarthistory

Capital of a column from the audience hall of the palace of Darius I, Susa, c. 510 B.C.E.

Capital of a column from the audience hall of the palace of Darius I, Susa, c. 510 B.C.E., Achaemenid, Tell of the Apadana, Susa, Iran (Louvre) Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker & Dr. Beth Harris
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